Nucleotides

(372 products)
Base O R OH O P - O O - O n

An example structure of Nucleotides

What are Nucleotides?
Nucleotides are organic molecules that serve as the fundamental monomeric units of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). Each nucleotide consists of three components:

  • A nitrogenous base (purine or pyrimidine)
  • A pentose sugar (ribose in RNA, deoxyribose in DNA)
  • One or more phosphate groups

These molecules not only form the genetic blueprint of all living organisms but also participate in critical cellular processes such as energy transfer (e.g., ATP), signal transduction (e.g., cAMP), and enzyme cofactors (e.g., NAD, FAD).

Synthesis of Nucleotides
Nucleotides can be synthesized through two primary pathways:

  1. De Novo Synthesis: Cells build nucleotides from simple precursors (amino acids, carbon dioxide, folate derivatives) in a multi-step, energy-intensive process.
  2. Salvage Pathway: Cells recycle pre-formed bases or nucleosides from degraded nucleic acids or dietary sources, offering metabolic efficiency.

Industrial Production:
Our nucleotides are produced using advanced enzymatic synthesis and fermentation technologies. This ensures high purity, scalability, and consistency. Steps include:

  • Selection of optimized microbial strains
  • Precise control of fermentation conditions
  • Downstream purification via chromatography and crystallization

Our Advantages


High Purity & Consistency

Our products undergo rigorous QC testing (HPLC, mass spectrometry) to meet research and industrial standards.

Custom Synthesis

We offer tailored nucleotides (modified bases, labeled isotopes, phosphoramidites) for specialized applications.

Sustainable Production

Our enzymatic synthesis reduces waste and energy consumption, aligning with green chemistry principles.

Technical Expertise

With decades of experience in nucleic acid chemistry, we provide unparalleled customer support and collaboration.

Regulatory Compliance

Our products are manufactured in accordance with ISO, USP, and FDA guidelines, ensuring safety for pharmaceutical and food applications.

Applications of Our Nucleotides

By integrating cutting-edge production with deep scientific expertise, we provide nucleotides that drive innovation from the lab to the market:


Genetic Science & Biotechnology

  1. PCR & DNA Sequencing: High-fidelity dNTPs and modified nucleotides for accurate amplification and NGS.
  2. Gene Editing: CRISPR-Cas systems rely on synthetic nucleotides for guide RNA and repair templates.
  3. Diagnostics: Fluorophore-labeled nucleotides for FISH probes and microarray technologies.

Pharmaceutical Development

  1. Antiviral/Anticancer Drugs: Nucleotide analogs (e.g., remdesivir, azidothymidine) inhibit viral replication or cancer cell proliferation.
  2. mRNA Therapeutics & Vaccines: Cap analogs and modified nucleotides enhance stability and translation efficiency in mRNA-based products.
  3. Enzyme Replacement Therapy: Nucleotide cofactors (e.g., NAD+) for treating metabolic disorders.

Food & Nutrition

  1. Flavor Enhancers: Inosinate (IMP) and guanylate (GMP) amplify umami taste in soups, sauces, and processed foods.
  2. Infant Formula: Nucleotide-fortified formulas mimic breast milk, supporting immune development and gut health.

Agriculture & Biostimulants

  1. Animal Feed: Nucleotides enhance immune response and growth in aquaculture and livestock.
  2. Plant Growth: Foliar sprays with nucleotide formulations improve stress resistance and yield.

Research Tools

  1. Cell Culture: Nucleotide supplements improve cell growth and viability in bioprocessing.
  2. Metabolic Studies: Isotope-labeled nucleotides trace biochemical pathways and drug mechanisms.
  3. Enzymology: Substrates and cofactors for kinase, polymerase, and ATPase assays.
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    dNTP 10mM Mix

    Catalog No.: DN31

    Purity: HPLC≥99.0%

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    dNTP 2.5mM Mix

    Catalog No.: DN34

    Purity: HPLC≥99.0%

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    dITP 100mM

    Catalog No.: D6331

    CAS No.: 95648-77-4

    Purity: HPLC≥99.0%

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    $0.00
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    dUTP, 100mM solution

    Catalog No.: D5331

    CAS No.: 102814-08-4

    Purity: HPLC≥99.0%

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    $0.00
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    dTTP, 100mM solution

    Catalog No.: D4331

    CAS No.: 18423-43-3

    Purity: HPLC≥99.0%

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    $0.00
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    dCTP, 100mM solution

    Catalog No.: D3331

    CAS No.: 102783-51-7

    Purity: HPLC≥99.0%

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    dGTP, 100mM solution

    Catalog No.: D2331

    CAS No.: 93919-41-6

    Purity: HPLC≥99.0%

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    dATP, 100mM solution

    Catalog No.: D1331

    CAS No.: 1927-31-7

    Purity: HPLC≥99.0%

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    dITP·Na3

    Catalog No.: D63013

    CAS No.: 95648-77-4

    Purity: HPLC Approx. 97.0%

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    dUTP·Na3

    Catalog No.: D53013

    CAS No.: 102814-08-4

    Purity: HPLC Approx. 98.0%

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    $0.00
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    dTTP·Na3

    Catalog No.: D43013

    CAS No.: 27821-54-1

    Purity: HPLC Approx. 98.0%

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    $0.00
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    dTTP·Na2

    Catalog No.: D43012

    CAS No.: 18423-43-3

    Purity: HPLC Approx. 98.0%

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    $0.00
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    dGTP·Na3

    Catalog No.: D23013

    CAS No.: 93919-41-6

    Purity: HPLC≥97.0%

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    dCTP·Na3

    Catalog No.: D33013

    CAS No.: 109909-44-6

    Purity: HPLC Approx. 98.0%;

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    dCTP·Na2

    Catalog No.: D33012

    CAS No.: 102783-51-7

    Purity: HPLC Approx. 98.0%

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    dATP·Na3

    Catalog No.: D13013

    CAS No.: 54680-12-5

    Purity: HPLC Approx. 97.0%

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